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In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, more and more GSM-Rcommunication towers have been installed. However, factors such as crustal movement, harsh climate, aging and oxidation, and potential human theft and damage can all pose certain safety hazards to iron towers, even leading to tilting, collapse, and so on. At present, traditional maintenance of communication towers mainly relies on regular inspections and human observation, which are essential safety protection measures. However, the above methods have a certain degree of subjectivity, and some parameters are difficult to manually measure, and it is not easy to detect problems in a timely manner, which cannot meet the needs of real-time monitoring of iron towers. In order to eliminate safety hazards of iron towers and avoid incidents such as tilting and collapsing that endanger safety, advanced technological means need to be used for real-time safety monitoring of iron towers, providing basic reference data for centralized rectification, medium repair, and major repair of iron towers. The system function of the iron tower safety monitoring system adopts mature signal acquisition, control, network communication and other technologies, combined with first-class sensing technology and intelligent monitoring analysis technology, to monitor the health status of the iron tower operation and various natural disasters and man-made damages that endanger the safety of the iron tower in real time, and to issue timely warnings and alerts. The main functions of the system include the following parts.

1. Data collection and measurement

The system acquisition unit should be able to automatically and periodically collect the operating status of the monitored iron tower, process, store, and report it. And it can receive and respond to query commands from the monitoring center at any time, query corresponding monitoring indicators through the monitoring module, and transmit them to the monitoring center. The monitoring indicators of the system include the following:

1.1 Monitoring of Tower Tilt

The system should be able to monitor changes in the inclination of the iron tower. According to the communication engineering acceptance standards, considering the effects of external forces such as wind loads, when the inclination of the iron tower exceeds the preset threshold value, the system should generate an alarm signal.

1.2 Anti theft alarm monitoring

1.2.1 Video perimeter protection

The system should be able to deploy high-definition night vision cameras, front-end video analyzers, and other equipment on the tower to achieve safe control of key areas around the tower perimeter, monitor and analyze in real time the impact of objects invading the tower boundary on the security of the communication tower. Video surveillance should have linkage function. When there are alarms such as inclination, roadbed settlement, theft prevention, etc., the video surveillance should be activated and recorded for a predetermined duration. At the same time, the video information should be automatically transmitted to the monitoring center.

1.2.2 Fiber optic perimeter protection (optional)

The system should be able to achieve safe control of key areas around the tower perimeter through fiber optic sensors installed around the tower protection area, and monitor and analyze in real time the impact of objects invading the tower limit on the safety of communication towers.

1.3 Monitoring of tower foundation settlement

The system should be able to monitor the uneven settlement of the tower base. When the uneven settlement value exceeds the preset threshold, the system should generate an alarm signal.

2 Real time alerts and warnings

The system adopts a graded alarm approach, timely issuing graded alarm signals on the monitoring center maintenance and management terminal, with concurrent alarm functions for multiple locations and events. The system can clearly display alarm information in a fixed area of the maintenance terminal interface, using sound and light alarms to alert the on duty personnel and automatically generate dispatch orders. The system can analyze the health status of the iron tower based on its operation and related monitoring data, integrate historical monitoring data, and accurately determine the impact and degree of harm on railway operation, providing early warning information for maintenance.

3. Query, statistics and analysis

The system has the function of conducting multi condition queries and statistical analysis on historical data based on alarm time, alarm location, alarm type, alarm level, etc. The system should be able to generate daily, monthly, and annual statistical reports and change curves of monitoring data in various combinations such as individual towers, single line towers, regional towers, and all regional towers.

4 System Management

The system management functions include configuration management, alarm management, performance management, and security management functions.

4.1 Configuration Management

The monitoring system should be able to easily add and delete monitoring objects, configure and modify the parameters of monitoring objects. The system should provide query and statistical methods for configuration data, allowing users to query, analyze, report, and print device configuration data.

4.2 Alarm Management

Alarm management provides centralized monitoring and management of fault alarm information for monitoring objects. It can achieve real-time collection and centralized monitoring of alarm data, and accurately locate faults.

4.3 Classification of Alarm Levels

a) Emergency alarm: an alarm that has already or is about to endanger the safety of the iron tower and train, and should be dealt with immediately;

b) Important alarm: An alarm that may affect the security of the iron tower and communication and requires time to be addressed;

c) General alarm: Information prompted to maintenance personnel; The system should provide alarm level setting function, and users can flexibly set the alarm level.

4.4 Classification of Alarm States

a) Newly generated alarms: unconfirmed and uncleared alarms;

b) Confirmed alarms: alarms that have not been cleared but have been confirmed;

c) Unconfirmed alarm: an alarm that has not been confirmed but has been cleared;

d) Cleared alarm: An alarm that has been confirmed and cleared.

2.5 Confirmation of alarms

The system should provide an alarm confirmation function, allowing users to confirm the alarm information.

4.6 Alarm filtering

The system should have a general alarm filtering function, which can set filtering conditions for alarm display and prompts as needed. Only alarm information that meets the conditions will be displayed/prompted to the user.

4.7 Application, Maintenance and Management

The application and maintenance management functions include user and permission management, system log management, etc. The system has user management and user group management functions. The user management function includes adding, deleting, modifying, and querying user information. The user group management function includes adding, deleting, modifying, and querying user group information. The user management function and user group management function can only be implemented by authorized users. Permission management: The system should have multi-level permission management functions such as workshop, communication section, and railway bureau. Administrators have all permissions to operate and control the system, which is the highest level of authority. Operators can only perform ordinary operations such as information viewing, alarm confirmation, and report generation. Important parameters and system configuration parameters must be modified using a secure password. System log management, including system access logs and system operation logs. The system access log includes user name, login terminal identifier, login time, and logout time. The system operation log includes the user name, operation time, operation object, operation result, etc.

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